基于UPLC-QTOF-MS技术分析多脂鳞伞特征性成分及体外抗肿瘤作用

多脂鳞伞是一种较为珍贵的药食用真菌。对其化学成分及体外抗肿瘤作用进行了研究。通过UPLC-QTOF-MS法、电喷雾离子源（ESI）及负离子全扫描模式测定了人工栽培多脂鳞伞的化学成分组成;体外培养HepG-2、A549、Hela及MCF-7,用不同质量浓度多脂鳞伞乙醇提物处理细胞,应用CCK-8法及流式细胞术进行细胞毒性测试,并应用流式细胞术选择HepG-2细胞系以进一步评估其对HepG-2细胞凋亡分析。结果表明：经UPLC-QTOF-MS分析,从多脂鳞伞子实体分析得到的化学成分与食药用菌成分数据库中的38种成分相吻合,其中棕榈酸与9E,12E-octadecadienoic acid含量最高,甾醇类化合物与多糖类化合物占比较高;多脂鳞伞乙醇提取物对HepG-2细胞毒性最强,其浓度为50μg/mL时凋亡率能够达到(23.71±1.59)%。多脂鳞伞具有多种功能性化学成分,并具有潜在的抗肿瘤应用价值,初步断定其抗肿瘤活性是功能性成分通过诱导细胞凋亡实现的。     

丛枝菌根真菌与高羊茅协同修复镉污染土壤

本研究采用温室盆栽试验,利用丛枝菌根（AM）真菌摩西管柄囊霉Funneliformis mosseae进行接种试验,研究了在Cd胁迫下（0、5、15和30mg/kg）接种AM真菌对高羊茅Festuca elata ‘Crossfire II’的生物量、防御酶活性、磷和镉（Cd）含量的影响。结果表明,随着Cd浓度的增加,高羊茅的菌根侵染率和菌根相对依赖性有所增加。接种AM真菌改善了磷从植株根系向地上部的转运,有助于植株在地上部积累更多的磷。此外,AM真菌和Cd胁迫对高羊茅植株抗氧化酶活性都有显著影响,在镉胁迫下,与未接种植株相比,接种AM真菌显著提高了植株的过氧化氢酶活性,而显著降低了植株的丙二醛含量。与未接种植株相比,接种摩西管柄囊霉显著提高了寄主植物对Cd的富集能力,有利于重金属在根部的积累,同时降低了地上部的Cd含量。本研究表明,高羊茅-丛枝菌根共生体在Cd污染土壤的修复中具有潜在应用价值。     

宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量的影响因素及与应对方式的关系研究

目的:探讨宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量的影响因素及与应对方式的关系。方法:选取2018年7月2019年11月期间我院收治的宫颈癌放疗患者139例,收集患者临床资料,采用癌症治疗功能评价系统中的宫颈癌量表(FACT-Cx)对宫颈癌患者的生活质量进行评分,采用Jalowiec的应对量表(JCS)记录并评估所有患者的应对方式,并采用Pearson相关性分析生活质量与应对方式的关系。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量的影响因素。结果:宫颈癌放疗患者的FACT-Cx总分与面对、乐观、姑息、依靠自我应对方式评分呈正相关(P<0.05),与情感宣泄、宿命应对方式评分呈负相关(P<0.05),与逃避、支持应对方式评分无相关性(P>0.05)。不同文化程度、年龄、化疗、肿瘤病理类型情况患者之间FACT-Cx总分比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);不同家庭月收入、肿瘤分期、下肢水肿情况、婚姻状况患者之间FACT-Cx总分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,家庭月收入、肿瘤分期、下肢水肿情况、婚姻状况均是宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:宫颈癌放疗患者生活质量与应对方式存在密切联系,且家庭月收入、肿瘤分期、下肢水肿情况、婚姻状况均是其生活质量的影响因素,临床工作者应结合以上因素对患者放疗方案给予针对性调整。     

大孔树脂纯化岩高兰多酚的工艺研究

为获得大孔树脂纯化岩高兰多酚的最佳工艺,以岩高兰的地上部分为原料,通过考察6种不同类型树脂(HPD-100、X-5、AB-8、D101、HPD-600、NKA-II)的含水率、吸附率和解吸率的大小,筛选出一种最适合纯化岩高兰多酚的树脂。在此基础上,选择对纯化工艺影响较大的4种因素(上样浓度、乙醇浓度、洗脱流速、洗脱体积),进行响应面法分析得到最佳工艺。结果表明:HPD-600型大孔树脂对岩高兰多酚的纯化效果最佳,其最优工艺参数为:上样浓度0.84 mg·mL^-1;乙醇浓度62.15%;洗脱流速0.67 mL·min^-1;洗脱体积2.71 BV。该条件下,岩高兰多酚的提取率为229.18 mg·g^-1,岩高兰多酚的纯度由8.11%提高到22.56%,回收率为67.78%。本研究为岩高兰多酚的纯化工艺提供了新的技术路线,也可为岩高兰提取物的研究和应用提供参考。     

不同营养条件下甜菜夜蛾幼虫感染核型多角体病毒的敏感性及取食趋性

为探讨不同营养条件下甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua对甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus,SeMNPV)的敏感性及取食行为响应,本研究通过改变甜菜夜蛾人工饲料配方建立高蛋白低糖(简称高蛋白)、中蛋白中糖(简称中蛋白)、低蛋白高糖(简称低蛋白)3种营养品系,观察不同营养品系幼虫对SeMNPV的敏感性,以及染毒前后对不同营养饲料的取食趋性.结果 显示,高蛋白、中蛋白、低蛋白3种营养品系中,SeMNPV对甜菜夜蛾初孵幼虫的半数致死浓度(LC50)分别是1.76×105 PIB/mL、2.85×105 PIB/mL和2.10×104 PIB/mL.统计分析显示,中蛋白品系的LC50显著高于低蛋白品系,高蛋白品系的LC50同其余两种品系相比无显著性差异.以8×105 PIB/mL浓度的病毒饲喂甜菜夜蛾初孵幼虫,3种营养品系的半数致死时间(LT50)分别是6.07 d、6.85 d和5.20 d,中蛋白品系的存活时间显著长于低蛋白品系,高蛋白品系的LT50同其余两种品系相比无显著性差异.未染毒状态下,低龄幼虫偏向蛋白质含量较高的饲料,而高龄幼虫则偏向于高糖的饲料;染毒状态下,甜菜夜蛾各龄期幼虫都偏向于取食蛋白质含量较高的饲料.以上研究结果表明,营养条件的变化可以显著影响甜菜夜蛾幼虫对SeMNPV的敏感性,染毒后幼虫明显偏向于蛋白质含量高的饲料,推测蛋白质可能有助于提高甜菜夜蛾幼虫对SeMNPV的抵抗力.     

Effects of Different Ambient Temperatures on Caecal Microbial Composition in Broilers

Short-term or acute temperature stress affect the immune responses and alters the gut microbiota of broilers, but the influences of long-term temperature stress on stress biomarkers and the intestinal microbiota remains largely unknown. Therefore, we examined the effect of three long-term ambient temperatures (high (HC), medium (MC), and low (LC) temperature groups) on the gene expression of broilers’ heat shock proteins (Hsps) and inflammation – related genes, as well as the caecal microbial composition. The results revealed that Hsp70 and Hsp90 levels in HC group significantly increased, and levels of Hsp70, Hsp90, IL-6, TNF-α, and NFKB1 in LC group were significantly higher than in MC group (p < 0.05). In comparison with the MC group, the proportion of Firmicutes increased in HC and LC groups, while that of Bacteroidetes decreased in LC group at phylum level (p < 0.05). At genus level, the proportion of Escherichia/Shigella, Phascolarctobacterium, Parabacteroides,and Enterococcus increased in HC group; the fraction of Faecalibacterium was higher in LC group; and the percentage of Barnesiella and Alistipes decreased in both HC and LC groups (p < 0.05). Functional analysis based on communities’ phylogenetic investigation revealed that the pathways involved in environmental information processing and metabolism were enriched in the HC group. Those involved in cellular processes and signaling, metabolism, and gene regulation were enriched in LC group. Hence, we conclude that the long-term temperature stress can greatly alter the intestinal microbial communities in broilers and may further affect the host’s immunity and health.     

Grazing-induced legacy effects enhance plant adaption to drought by larger root allocation plasticity

放牧诱导的植物遗留效应可以通过较大的根系分配可塑性增强其干旱适应性 为探索植物的放牧遗留效应是否有利于天然草原生态系统应对干旱环境,我们采集了 内蒙古典型草原自由放牧和多年围封样地内的冰草(Agropyron cristatum)和黄囊苔草(Carex korshinskyi)幼苗 进行了温室控水试验。研究结果表明,干旱处理对自由放牧样地采集的冰草和黄囊苔草子株生物量、子株数量和总生物量的影响较小;自由放牧区的冰草与黄囊苔草较强的干旱适应性可部分由干旱处理下较大的根系分配可塑性来解释。本研究结果表明合理放牧是天然草原适应气候变化的潜在管理办法之一。     

Resonance of Different Waveguide Structures with Various Vertical Indirect Coupled Cavities

In the paper, resonances of different waveguide structures with various vertical indirect coupled cavities were investigated by FDTD (finite difference-time domain). In the silicon cavity, Fano resonance could be observed at about 1430 nm. The coupling distance for the gold cavity/air cavity had less effect on the transmittance of the main waveguide but had a great influence on the transmission for water cavity in the visible region, which showed that water cavity could adjust resonance of waveguide structures. In addition, with the increment of refractive index n, the resonance peak at about 850 nm moved to the long wavelength (redshift). Dispersion rate about 2 × 10^–3/nm indicated that the transparent dielectric selectively absorbed the surface plasmon polariton wave and the sensitivity of the waveguide structure designed in this paper has high stability for the refractive index of the main waveguide cavity. Obvious Fano resonance could be observed with the increase of refractive index for silicon cavity. Among the four dielectrics, silicon and water are suitable for studying Fano resonance and filter dielectrics.

     

Oxidative DNA and RNA damage and their prognostic values during Salmonella enteritidis-induced intestinal infection in rats

Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests that microbial pathogens may induce oxidative stress in infected hosts. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between changes in oxidative stress and intestinal infection with and without antibiotic treatment in animal models. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups: rats infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. enteritidis), rats infected with S. enteritidis followed by norfloxacin treatment, and the control group. To evaluate oxidative stress changes, levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxo-Gsn) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGsn), which represented oxidative damage to RNA and DNA, respectively, were analysed in urine and tissue samples. In urine, the level of 8-oxo-Gsn increased significantly after oral exposure to S. enteritidis (p?≤?0.001) and returned to baseline after recovery. Notably, norfloxacin treatment decreased the level of 8-oxo-Gsn in urine significantly (p?=?0.001). Changes of 8-oxo-Gsn measured in tissues from the small intestine, colon, liver and spleen were consistent with 8-oxo-Gsn measured in urine. Our study suggested that 8-oxo-Gsn in urine may serve as a highly sensitive biomarker for evaluating the severity of S. enteritidis infection and the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment against infection.     

Splicing Factor Transformer-2β (Tra2β) Regulates the Expression of Regulator of G Protein Signaling 4 (RGS4) Gene and Is Induced by Morphine

Regulator of G protein signaling 4 (RGS4) is a critical modulator of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signaling and plays important roles in many neural process and diseases. Particularly, drug-induced alteration in RGS4 protein levels is associated with acute and chronic effects of drugs of abuse. However, the precise mechanism underlying the regulation of RGS4 expression is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of RGS4 gene was subject to regulation by alternative splicing of the exon 6. Transformer-2β (Tra2β), an important splicing factor, bound to RGS4 mRNA and increased the relative level of RGS4-1 mRNA isoform by enhancing the inclusion of exon 6. Meanwhile, Tra2β increased the expression of full-length RGS4 protein. In rat brain, Tra2β was co-localized with RGS4 in multiple opioid action-related brain regions. In addition, the acute and chronic morphine treatment induced alteration in the expression level of Tra2β in rat locus coerulus (LC) in parallel to that of RGS4 proteins. It suggests that induction of this splicing factor may contribute to the change of RGS4 level elicited by morphine. Taken together, the results provide the evidence demonstrating the function of Tra2β as a new mediator in opioid-induced signaling pathway via regulating RGS4 expression.